Green Human Resource Management In Green Hospital Implementation: A Systematic Literature Review On Impacts, Supporting Factors, And Barriers In Hospitals
Keywords:
Green Human Resource Management; Green Hospital; environmental sustainability; transformational leadership; hospital managementAbstract
Growing environmental pressures have compelled hospitals to transition toward the green hospital concept, yet human resources remain an underexplored determinant, positioning Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) as a strategic approach to embedding environmental values across all HRM functions. This study aims to analyze the impact of GHRM on green hospital implementation, identify facilitating factors, and map the barriers faced by hospitals in adopting GHRM practices. Employing a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) design guided by PRISMA, data were collected from four databases—ScienceDirect, ProQuest, Scopus, and Google Scholar—yielding 2,959 records, of which 16 studies met the inclusion criteria and were further analyzed using VOSviewer for bibliometric mapping. The results indicate that GHRM positively influences sustainable performance, corporate sustainability, and employee pro-environmental behavior, with green training showing the strongest effect on organizational reputation. Additionally, transformational leadership and organizational policy emerged as the main facilitating factors, while financial constraints and limited managerial knowledge were identified as the primary barriers. In conclusion, the integrated implementation of GHRM, supported by strong organizational and governmental policies, can significantly accelerate the realization of sustainable green hospitals.
References
Akma, Y. F., Yasin, N., & Perdhana, M. S. (2024). Green Human Resource Management and Its Importance Toward a Sustainable Workplace: A Comprehensive Literature Review. 0696. file:///C:/Users/Hype GLK/OneDrive/Documents/Tugas Negara/Maret 2026/Rahma1/Jurnal/Final+-+Yovi+Faizul+Akma.pdf
Al-Swidi, A. K., Gelaidan, H. M., & Saleh, R. M. (2021). The joint impact of green human resource management, leadership and organizational culture on employees’ green behaviour and organisational environmental performance. Journal of Cleaner Production, 316, 128112. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.128112
Almotairy, M. A., Alotaibi, N. S., Alotaibi, N. M., Mateeb, Alnofaee, G., Alokhaili, S. D., Alghamdi, A. M. A., Faisal, Alghamdi, A. A., Alghamdi, S. S. S., Ali, M., Al-Ghamdi, J. B., & Al-Zahrani, F. G. A. (2024). Evaluation of Challenges and Barriers of Green Human Resources Management in Healthcare among clinical mangers: at Saudi Arabia. 7, 2132–2142. file:///C:/Users/Hype GLK/OneDrive/Documents/Tugas Negara/Maret 2026/Rahma1/Jurnal/out.pdf
Anshima, Sharma, D., & Bhardwaj, B. (2025). Green human resource management practices and sustainable development in India: A systematic literature review and future research agenda. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 11(March), 101420. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2025.101420
Bramer, W. M., Rethlefsen, M. L., Kleijnen, J., & Franco, O. H. (2022). Optimal database combinations for literature searches in systematic reviews: A prospective exploratory study. Systematic Reviews, 6(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-017-0644-y
Cinanthia, A. R., & Jayanagara, O. (2026). Influence Green Human Resource Management to Corporate Reputation and Employee Well-Being Moderated by Organizational Culture at ABC Hospital. 13(1), 1–15. file:///C:/Users/Hype GLK/OneDrive/Documents/Tugas Negara/Maret 2026/Rahma1/Jurnal/Cinanthia+01-15.pdf
Correia, A. B., Shahzad, M. F., Martins, J. M., & Baheer, R. (2024). Impact of green human resource management towards sustainable performance in the healthcare sector : role of green innovation and risk management. Cogent Business & Management, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2024.2374625
Donthu, N., Kumar, S., Mukherjee, D., Pandey, N., & Lim, W. M. (2021). How to conduct a bibliometric analysis: An overview and guidelines. Journal of Business Research, 133(April), 285–296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.04.070
Farrukh, M., Ansari, N., Raza, A., Wu, Y., & Wang, H. (2022). Fostering employee’s pro-environmental behavior through green transformational leadership, green human resource management and environmental knowledge. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 179, 121643. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2022.121643
Fawehinmi, O., Yusliza, M. Y., Kasim, W. Z. W., Mohamad, Z., & Halim, M. A. S. A. (2020). Exploring the Interplay of Green Human Resource Management , Employee Green Behavior , and Personal Moral Norms. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244020982292
Fu, H.-P., Chang, T.-S., Yeh, H.-P., & Chen, Y.-X. (2019). Analysis of Factors Influencing Hospitals’ Implementation of a Green E-Procurement System Using a Cloud Model. file:///C:/Users/Hype GLK/OneDrive/Documents/Tugas Negara/Maret 2026/Rahma1/Jurnal/ijerph-16-05137.pdf
Godbole, N. S., & Lamb, J. (2018). Research into Making Healthcare Green with Cloud, Green IT, and Data Science to Reduce Healthcare Costs and Combat Climate Change. 2018 9th IEEE Annual Ubiquitous Computing, Electronics & Mobile Communication Conference (UEMCON), 189–195. https://doi.org/10.1109/UEMCON.2018.8796529
Hakim, M. A. T., Muchsinati, E. S., & Asri, D. H. (2026). The Influence of Green Human Resources Management on Thriving at Work and Green Commitment Through Green Self-Efficacy as a Mediating Variable in Hospitals Batam. 22, 337–355. file:///C:/Users/Hype GLK/OneDrive/Documents/Tugas Negara/Maret 2026/Rahma1/Jurnal/Muhammad+Adib+Taufiqul+Hakim.pdf
Leon, M. L. de. (2020). Barriers to environmentally sustainable initiatives in oral health care clinical settings. 54(C), 156–160. file:///C:/Users/Hype GLK/OneDrive/Documents/Tugas Negara/Maret 2026/Rahma1/Jurnal/CanJDentHyg-54-3-156.pdf
Miah, M., Szabó-Szentgróti, G., & Walter, V. (2024). A systematic literature review on green human resource management (GHRM): an organizational sustainability perspective. Cogent Business & Management, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2024.2371983
Page, M. J., McKenzie, J. E., Bossuyt, P. M., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, T. C., Mulrow, C. D., Shamseer, L., Tetzlaff, J. M., Akl, E. A., Brennan, S. E., Chou, R., Glanville, J., Grimshaw, J. M., Hróbjartsson, A., Lalu, M. M., Li, T., Loder, E. W., Mayo-Wilson, E., McDonald, S., … Moher, D. (2021). The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. Bmj, 372. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n71
Parker, J. (2023). Barriers to green inhaler prescribing: ethical issues in environmentally sustainable clinical practice. 92–98. https://doi.org/10.1136/medethics-2022-108388
Piwowar-Sulej, K. (2020). Pro-Environmental Organizational Culture: Its Essence and a Concept for Its Operationalization. Sustainability, 12, 4197. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12104197
Renwick, D., Redman, T., & Maguire, S. (2021). Green Human Resource Management: A Review and Research Agenda. International Journal of Management Reviews, 15. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2370.2011.00328.x
Rethlefsen, M. L., Kirtley, S., Waffenschmidt, S., Page, M. J., & Koffe, J. B. (2021). PRISMA-S: an extension to the PRISMA Statement for Reporting Literature Searches in Systematic Reviews. Systematic Reviews, 30, 385–386. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71213-5_65
Saleem, F., Sundarasen, S., & Malik, M. I. (2025). Green Leadership and Environmental Performance in Hospitals: A Multi-Mediator Study. Sustainability (Switzerland), 17(12), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17125376
Sarkis-Onofre, R., Catalá-López, F., Aromataris, E., & Lockwood, C. (2021). How to properly use the PRISMA Statement. Systematic Reviews, 10(1), 13–15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-021-01671-z
Snyder, H. (2023). Literature review as a research methodology: An overview and guidelines. Journal of Business Research, 104, 333–339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.07.039
Sultan, U., & Azhar, J. (2021). Determining Sustainable Performance of Punjab Healthcare Sector in Post-Covid Era : Organizational Commitment Perspective. 1(2), 33–60. https://doi.org/10.52461/jths.v1i02.1716
Taie, E. S., Ismail, H. A., & Gomaa, D. A. (2024). Green Human Resources Management in Healthcare: Challenges and Barriers. 3(6), 133–145. file:///C:/Users/Hype GLK/OneDrive/Documents/Tugas Negara/Maret 2026/Rahma1/Jurnal/HIJNRP_Volume 3_Issue 6_Pages 133-145.pdf
Tessema, D. H. (2025). The impact of green human resource management practices on corporate sustainability: the case of public hospitals. file:///C:/Users/Hype GLK/OneDrive/Documents/Tugas Negara/Maret 2026/Rahma1/Jurnal/s43093-025-00575-x.pdf
Tweneboa Kodua, L., Xiao, Y., Adjei, N. O., Asante, D., Ofosu, B. O., & Amankona, D. (2022). Barriers to green human resources management (GHRM) implementation in developing countries. Evidence from Ghana. Journal of Cleaner Production, 340, 130671. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.130671
Younis, Z., & Hussain, S. (2023). Green Transformational Leadership: Bridging the gap between Green HRM Practices and Environmental Performance through Green Psychological Climate. Sustainable Futures, 6, 100140. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sftr.2023.100140
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
